Cowpea is an important pulse grown for grains, green pods, and fodder. It is rich in protein, dietary fibre, vitamins, and minerals, contributing to food and nutritional security.
It thrives under drought, high temperatures, and low-fertility soils, making it well suited for rainfed and resource-limited farming across many Indian states.
Being a legume, cowpea fixes atmospheric nitrogen through root nodules, enhances soil fertility, and is widely used in crop rotations and intercropping systems.